Social Sciences
Bio
Education:
B.A., Geography and Spanish Language, Colgate University
Brief Background:
Before joining Oxbridge Academy in 2017, Ms. Pack taught honors world history, AP United States government and politics, and honors economics at the University School of Nova Southeastern University in Fort Lauderdale. In 2016, she co-wrote an entrepreneurship class curriculum that won an award from Nova University for innovative curriculum design.
Oxbridge Academy's Social Sciences department teaches essential skills, including critical thinking, communication, persuasive argumentation, writing, research, and primary source analysis. These skills are foundational for collegiate-level study and applicable to various career paths. Students will develop an understanding and appreciation of human experiences, expression, and a sense of community and self. Students will also learn how civilizations and relational structures function and how they can participate constructively within a society.
Oxbridge's history offerings provide context to understand why our world is how it is. Government and Economics courses help students understand systems for engaging with the broader community and with organizational structures that influence their choices and responsibilities as members of local, national, and global networks and communities. We focus on developing skills essential to college readiness, professional work, and global citizenship.
We also offer electives in Entrepreneurship, History, Finance, Economics, and Psychology electives. These electives allow students to deepen the skills taught in our core curriculum and learn specialty skills that will prepare them for further college studies or as working professionals and business owners.ANIKA PACK - SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT CHAIR
Faculty
Dr. Marjorie Chiarolanzio
Social Sciences Teacher
Bio
Education:
Teaching degree in secondary education, Florida Atlantic University
B.S., Political Science
American University
M.S., Management and Administration of Educational Programs
Ph.D., Organizational Leadership,
Nova Southeastern University
Brief Background:
A native Michigander who grew up passionate about history, debate, and international affairs, Dr. Chiarolanzio is also certified by the Florida Department of Education in Secondary Social Studies and Educational Leadership. A faculty member since 2014, “Dr. C” directs Oxbridge’s highly regarded Model United Nations program, which won state and national competitions in 2020, 2021 and 2023.
Dr. William Rowe
Social Sciences Teacher
Bio
Education:
B.S., Languages (Arabic), Georgetown University
M.A., Middle East Studies
Ph.D., Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin
Brief Background:
Before joining Oxbridge Academy in 2022, Dr. Rowe was a Senior Geography Fellow at Nazarbayev University in Astana, Kazakhstan. Before moving to Kazakhstan, he taught economic geography, geography of religion, international studies, and regional geography at Louisiana State University. At Macalester College, he taught classes in regional geography and geography of religion. At University of Texas at Austin, Dr. Rowe taught classes in regional geography. Dr. Rowe has lived, worked, and researched in many places in the United States, Switzerland, Greece, the UK, Egypt, Morocco, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Kazakhstan.
Robert Frackelton
Economics Teacher
Bio
Education:
B.S., Economics and History, Wake Forest University, cum laude
M.A., Liberal Arts, The University of Richmond
Brief Background:
A member of the Oxbridge Academy faculty since 2014, Mr. Frackelton’s teaching success is highlighted by a 2017 Florida Council on Economic Education (FCEE) “Teacher Spotlight,” a Florida Stock Market Challenge Distinguished Advisor of the Year award along with three Governor’s Awards of Excellence from FCEE. After receiving a grant from the Anne Goss Foundation, he helped establish Oxbridge’s Student Investment Club, which continues to grow today. In October of 2022, Mr. Frackelton helped launch the Free Enterprise Institute with a distinguished speaker series and other programming that examines the role of capitalism in finance, economics, and entrepreneurship. Currently, Mr. Frackelton serves as the coordinator for the FEI and enjoys sharing his passion for economics with the rest of the community.
Bryan Kessler
Social Sciences Teacher
Oona Mulligan
Social Sciences Teacher
Bio
Education:
B.S., History and Marketing,
Providence College, cum laude
M.A., History, Western Connecticut StateUniversity,
summa cum laude
Brief Background:
Ms. Mulligan has taught history at Oxbridge Academy since 2012. Before joining Oxbridge, she taught and coached an array of sports at public and private schools. In 2017, she was inducted into the Athletic Hall of Fame at her alma mater, Immaculate High School, where she taught and also coached the cross country, field hockey, and track teams.
Gabbi Roland
Psychology Teacher
Bio
Education:
B.A., University of Miami
Brief Background:
A South Florida native Ms. Roland has been a member of the Oxbridge Academy faculty member since 2019. With a love of the written word and an interest in the human condition, Ms. Roland is an avid writer. After graduating from the University of Miami, she worked with a South Florida non-profit organization where she continued to hone her writing skills. Since then, she has been published in several magazines. Her love of literature and the human condition and her desire to share that with others led her to education. Today, she teaches African-American Literature and Psychology at Oxbridge.
Robert Crawford
Entrepreneurship Teacher
Bio
Education:
B.A., History/Asian Studies, Washington & Lee University,
cum laude
M.A., Liberal Arts, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan
J.D., Law
International Studies, University of Washington
Brief Background:
After serving as the Olin Fellow at the US Naval War College, Dr. Crawford has been teaching social sciences for over 25 years, most recently as a member of the Oxbridge Academy faculty. Dr. Crawford has been working as a consultant to the College Board since 1998 and has served as the Chairman of the Test Development Committee for AP Exams in Government and Economics since 2016. He is proud to have contributed to many traditions and been the recipient of awards at other schools around Florida including recognition for excellence in yearbook production at Pine Crest School and Teacher of the Year at both Berkeley Preparatory School and NSU University School. Dr. Crawford is happy to co-sponsor the highly successful Model United Nations team here are Oxbridge and hopes to expand the Entrepreneurship courses to include an annual Trade Fair under the auspices of the Free Enterprise Institute.
Dr. Meg Butler
Social Sciences Teacher
Bio
Education:
B.A., Classical Archaeology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Ph.D., Classics, Stanford University
Brief Background:
Dr. Butler earned a Ph.D. in Classics from Stanford University and a B.A. in Classical Archaeology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Prior to joining the faculty at Oxbridge Academy as a Visiting Scholar, she taught at Stanford University, Tulane University, and the International School Nido de Aguilas. Dr. Butler's research and fieldwork includes archaeological projects in the Mediterranean and ethnographic fieldwork in the United States.
Course Offerings
- World History
- Miles From The Mainland - Honors Level
- Geography of Religion
- United States History
- Honors American Civil Rights Movement
- Honors Seminar in History: World's Fairs in the United States
- Honors Seminar in British History
- United States Government
- Honors Seminar in Government: Tyranny & Democracy
- Economics
- Honors Seminar Microeconomics
- Honors Seminar Macroeconomics
- Entrepreneurship Courses
- Free Enterprise Institute Series: Financial Markets 1 & 2
- Psychology & Social Psychology
- Honors Abnormal Psychology
- Honors Seminar Forensic Psychology
World History
World History
World History is the fascinating story of people and their problems, solutions, failures, and successes. Students will progress through an exploration of global history from the emergence of the human species to the 20th century with a particular emphasis on turning points. Students will hear diverse stories from around the world while gaining a deeper understanding of and appreciation for how the past led to the present. The World History course uses content as a framework for teaching skills; students will creatively reintegrate their knowledge through research, persuasive writing, and spoken dialogue. The course’s flipped classroom methodology ensures students receive content input at their own individual pace and allows class time to be reserved for individual conferencing, skill building activities, and application of knowledge.
Honors World History
This course’s curriculum is designed to inspire a fundamental appreciation for the people, events, and forces that have shaped the modern world. In the opening semester, students will explore the foundations of Eastern and Western Civilizations, namely Greece, Rome, China, and Mesopotamia before focusing on events such as the Crusades, Renaissance, Reformation, Ottoman Rule, and Tokogawa Shogunate. For the spring semester, students will explore the Imperial growth of Eastern and Western Empires that led to Global Warfare. Close attention will be paid to the development of each student’s skills as a writer, researcher, critical thinker and discussion participant through multi-modal and multi-media projects.
Miles From The Mainland - Honors Level
Islands have served as crucial spaces of human development since the earliest documented times. In this course, students will explore the social, political, cultural, environmental, and economic development of island societies and examine relationships between islands and continental events. From the most distant and isolated places on the globe to some of the most interconnected locations on the planet, the unique geography of islands provide opportunities to examine culture, technology, archeology, sociology, and exploration. After gaining a foundational understanding of island geography and relevant terminology, students will explore case studies from around the globe ranging from the Caribbean, Easter Island, the Hawaiian Islands, Polynesia, New Zealand, and Mauritius.
Geography of Religion
This course is a survey of the geography of religion. Building directly on skills and information learned in World History, this course provides a disciplinary framework for understanding how religion relates to culture, urban planning, and the environment around us. This course will focus on religious culture rather than theology; students are encouraged to enroll regardless of religious background. In addition, students will learn about such important geographic concepts as a feeling of place, sacred spaces, the concept of pilgrimage, the relationship between religion and environment, and cultural assimilation and differentiation over space.
United States History
United States History
The United States history course is designed to promote knowledge and appreciation of our country’s past, present, and future. Students will understand that it is vital to comprehend our past in order to make informed decisions in the present and to positively impact the future. This course promotes a general understanding of the dominant patterns of American thought from colonial days through the Cold War. This course will help students develop an understanding of the social, political, economic, cultural, and military experiences that have played a crucial role in shaping the history of our country. Upon successful completion of this course, students will be better prepared to understand the significance of our country’s history and our place in the world. The course emphasizes comprehension of higher-level text and analysis of primary and secondary texts together with associated maps, graphs, and pictoral materials.
Honors United States History
This offering is for students who are ready to meet the demands of college-level work. This course emphasizes post-1750 history, The U.S. Constitution, and the American political system. Considerable emphasis is placed on analytical writing skills and the factual knowledge necessary to deal critically with the challenges that faced the country in the past. Students are expected to read the class text, as well as primary sources, then be able to apply that knowledge to answering analytical and document-based essays.
Honors Seminar United States History
This course explores fundamental questions about the history of the United States at the very highest academic level. How is American identity defined, maintained, and redefined? How do patterns of individualism and community diverge and converge? How have political systems, social structures, culture, and the economy in the United States evolved? To answer these and other questions, we will study primary sources and develop ideas both through discussion and formal and informal written responses. This is a university-level course, and as such, the readings, conversations, and essays will be rigorous and briskly paced. By the end of the year, students will be able to articulate sophisticated, nuanced positions on American history from the Colonial Era to the Cold War.
Honors American Civil Rights Movement
In the 1950s and 1960s, the Civil Rights Movement swept through the South and dominated news coverage across the United States. This fight for freedom won many legal and political victories in the effort to end discrimination in the United States, and inspired others to mount their own equality campaigns. This course will examine the events, people, and themes involved in African Americans’ struggle for freedom during the middle decades of the 20th century. Students will explore the broad historical context within which the movement
arose; the various philosophies, strategies, expectations, and tactics of the activists and their opponents; and the legacies of the movement. We will explore these issues through primary and secondary source readings, documentaries and films, and through interactive lectures and class discussions.
Honors Seminar in History: World's Fairs in the United States
World’s Fairs made the world modern, and they quickly became sites for countries to showcase their achievements, values, and plans for the future. No country embodied this twin spirit of celebration and ambition during the era of expositions more than the United States. Throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries, the fairs became a central showcase for the cultural, political, and economic changes occurring throughout the country. This course takes students on a journey of the World’s Fairs in the United States from the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia to the opening of a “permanent world’s fair” at an Orlando theme park in 1982, allowing a deep examination of the political, technological, and cultural transformations occurring in the United States.
Honors Seminar in British History
British History is a preparatory course designed exclusively for juniors attending the Cambridge Scholars Program. The course provides students with an overview of key events in British history and an in-depth examination of the program topic which varies annually. In addition to providing students with a content background that will allow deeper engagement with the Cambridge experience, this course provides advanced instruction in research skills necessary for work at the undergraduate level while at Cambridge and beyond Oxbridge. Following completion of the Cambridge Scholars Program, students will explore the History of Great Britain from 1066 through the 20th century.
United States Government
U.S. Government
This one-semester course is an introduction to the philosophical underpinnings, institutional structures and processes that comprise the United States government. The course revolves around two fundamental questions; What does it mean to live under a democratic system of government? What obligations and opportunities do citizens have for civic engagement? Skills include analytical writing, research, debate, dialogue and group work. This course seeks to create socially and politically informed students who possess the ability to make future decisions that will ensure their role as active, informed citizens.
Honors U.S. Government
US Government is the study of the formal and informal structures of government and the processes of the American political system. This course introduces students to key political ideas, institutions, policies, roles, and behaviors that characterize the political structure of the United States. This course includes both the study of general concepts used to interpret US government and politics and the analysis of specific examples of historical and contemporary policy decisions. Students will creatively reintegrate their knowledge through hands-on experiences driven by research, collaboration, and technology. A variety of assessments will test knowledge of content.
Honors Seminar U.S. Government
This course provides a college-level, nonpartisan introduction to key political concepts, ideas, institutions, policies, interactions, roles, and behaviors that characterize the constitutional system and political culture of the United States. Students will study U.S. foundational documents, Supreme Court decisions, and other texts and visuals to gain an understanding of the relationships and interactions among political institutions, processes, and behaviors. They will also engage in disciplinary practices that require them to read and interpret data, make comparisons and applications, and develop evidence-based arguments.
Honors Seminar in Government: Tyranny & Democracy
This course offers an in-depth consideration of the emergence, transformation, and decline of both tyranny and democratic elementsof government from prehistory through the 20th century. Particular attention is paid to Ancient Greece and Rome, the Enlightenment,and the Haitian Revolution. Students also read Robert Penn Warren’s classic American political novel All the King’s Men. Topics covered include state formation and geography; institutional theory; political philosophy; democracy and knowledge; and theories of leadership.We will read selections from ancient Greek and Roman history, philosophy, drama, and oratory, as well as correspondence, philosophical treatises, and political documents from the Enlightenment and the Atlantic Revolutions. The course includes a historical simulation and an opportunity to develop academic research and critical writing competency through the completion of an extended research project.
Economics
Economics
Economics students will learn how scarcity impacts choice and resource allocation. These themes are considered from a range of viewpoints including the individual consumer, small businesses, national governments, and the global economy. Key topics include the laws of supply and demand, forms of business, government finances and influence, market types, economic systems, price, inflation, and unemployment. The course also makes connections to students’ prior knowledge of history and politics.
Honors Economics
Honors Economics explores the principles of economic theories and relates them to “the ordinary business of life” (Alfred Marshall). Students will learn about scarcity and how the study of scarce resources led to the disciplines of microeconomics and macroeconomics. An emphasis will also be placed on the individual’s role in the global economy with a concentration on contemporary economic and financial issues. Students in the honors course will also engage with pertinent economic models and higher-level graphing skills pertinent to the field. Finally, the class will participate in the Florida Stock Market Challenge and learn the basics of investing.
Honors Seminar Economics
This course provides students with a fundamental understanding of microeconomics and macroeconomics at an advanced level. Students will learn how to graph and analyze supply and demand models, market structures, and externalities. Students will also analyze economic data and explore macroeconomic models. An emphasis will be placed on the impact of monetary and fiscal policy on the economy. Through economic case studies, students will debate current economic issues and be challenged to think critically about how economics impacts their daily lives.
Honors Seminar Microeconomics
Microeconomics is the study of individuals and firms. Typically, microeconomics attempts to explain the relationships between scarcity and choice, individual actions, business decision making, and the production process and marginal analysis. Students will study optimality, irrationality, externalities, markets, and utility theory of choice.
Honors Seminar Macroeconomics
Macroeconomics is the study of the whole economy and attempts to explain the relationships between economic growth, unemployment, inflation, interest rates, trade, and other economic factors. Students will study the business cycle, aggregate demand and supply, fiscal policy, monetary policy, and several macroeconomic theories. The course will conclude with a capstone project where students simulate a meeting of the Federal Reserve.
Entrepreneurship Courses
Entrepreneurship 1
This class concentrates on the philosophy of entrepreneurship. We will ask questions such as: What is entrepreneurship, and can it be taught? We will then go through the process of creating a business and consider ways to grow a successful business. The goal of the class is not to turn every student into a small business owner but instead to encourage entrepreneurial thinking as they make everyday decisions.
Entrepreneurship 2: Entrepreneurial Finance
This course expands on concepts from Entrepreneurship 1 by exploring the formal tools of venture development. We will cover the time value of money, the process of making a business plan, and how to read and understand financial statements, among other topics.
Free Enterprise Institute Series: Financial Markets 1 & 2
Financial Markets 1
This course provides a foundation for learning about financial markets. Students will explore the fundamentals of bonds, stocks, forex, options, and futures. A particular emphasis will be placed on how financial markets work and their impact on the economy. Students will also learn how to use fundamental and technical analysis to evaluate financial instruments. Current financial topics will also be covered such as cryptocurrency, meme stocks, and the increased role of technology in trading. In this interactive course, students will manage a mock portfolio to gain experience with investing.
Financial Markets 2
In this semester course, students will build upon the knowledge learned in Financial Markets and apply those skills to the study of portfolio theory and application. Students will learn the basics of portfolio theory and management, taking a holistic view of financial markets. Topics such as risk management, diversification, and efficient markets will be discussed. Students will apply what they learn using a realistic investment simulator trading stocks, bonds, options, and futures in a mock portfolio with a concentration on portfolio management. Students will present their portfolios at the end of the semester, analyzing their performance. In addition, the class will be given the opportunity to manage a real portfolio of around $5,000 from the class of 2008. This course aims to be interactive and practical, leading to a lifetime of investing.
Psychology & Social Psychology
Psychology
This course is a study of human behavior and mental processes from diverse perspectives. Topics include psychology as a science, social psychology, biological bases of behavior, sensation and perception, and states of consciousness. Students will participate in and analyze research studies illustrating core content and processes in various fields of psychology and engage in individual research of psychological topics.
Social Psychology
Social psychology focuses on the perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals and groups within a social context. Students will study the perspectives, research methods, and empirical findings of social psychology. Topics to be covered include impression formation, conformity, prosocial behavior, interpersonal attraction, persuasion, stereotyping, and prejudice.
Honors Abnormal Psychology
This course introduces students to fundamental concepts, scientific principles, and history underlying abnormal human behavior. The course will be structured to facilitate learning about psycho-pathological behavior, which will be explored from various theoretical frameworks, including psychological, biological, and sociocultural perspectives. Psychiatric disorders will be discussed according to DSM-V diagnostic criteria, with special
attention paid to etiological considerations and disorder-specific descriptions. Specific disorders to be reviewed include mood, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicide. Current empirically based treatments for mental disorders will also be reviewed.
Honors Seminar Forensic Psychology
The American Psychological Association (APA) has favored the narrow definition of forensic psychology as “the application and practice of psychology in the legal system, particularly in courts.” The main areas in the legal system where a person can find a forensic psychologist, according to authors of the course text include: Police/Law enforcement, criminal and delinquent behavior/psychology, victimology and victim services, courtrooms, and in correctional facilities and/or prisons. This course will cover a broad spectrum of the various areas that involve law and psychology. This course will focus on some interrogation techniques and also briefly discuss behavior. The course uses visual aids that may be graphic (gore, gruesome) in nature to demonstrate various crimes that a forensic psychologist/psychiatrist would encounter with their job function.
PLEASE NOTE: Course availability fluctuates from year to year. Please review the 2024-2025 Course Catalog for information on course availability and enrollment requirements.